Graduation Speech High School Graduation - 933 Words

High School Graduation With regards to high school graduation, Balfanz, Herzog, and Iver (2007) followed 12,972 Philadelphia students enrolled in traditional middle schools from six grade (1996-1997) until 1 year beyond their expected graduation from high school (2003-2004) in order to understand what indicators would affect their projected graduation date. Unlike many of the early K-8 schools, the population Balfanz et al followed consisted of 64% African American, 19% White, 12% Hispanic, and 5% Asian students. Additionally, 97% of the sample attended schools that were majority minority (2007, p. 227). Balfanz et al found that the four variables, or flags, that had the highest predictive power and yield were: sixth grade attendance, failing math in sixth grade, failing English in sixth grade, and receiving an out-of-school suspension in sixth grade (2007). Second, the more flags that students had the lower their chances of graduating on time became. More specifically, one-flag, tw o-flag, three-flag and four-flag students had a 36%, 21%, 13%, and 7% chance of on time graduation, respectively (Balfanz et al, 2007). In debriefing of this study produced in 2010, Balfanz summarized the importance of his earlier findings: during the middle grades, students in high-poverty environments are either launched on the path to high school graduation or knocked off-track (Balfanz, 2010, p. 7). Psychological Well-Being Another explanation for why students often get knockedShow MoreRelatedGraduation Speech : High School Graduation854 Words   |  4 Pagesfail High School graduation can be an exciting time in a student’s life. It is a time in their lives where they begin to experience the kind of freedom that comes along with growing up. This freedom allows students to choose the type of college or University they would like to attend. It is necessary that they understand how responsible they need to be with the freedom that is being offered to them. When choosing what college or university to attend it may be tempting to want to go to a school thatRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School934 Words   |  4 Pageslife would be graduation. For many people, graduating from high school is an objective. It takes a lot of time, effort, and determination to accomplish that goal. For others graduation is the end of high school, and the beginning of a new chapter in life. When graduated people feel as if adulthood has begun. In the long run, graduating opens a lot of opportunities for people to thrive. I can almost reminisce the day as if it was yesterday. I was sitting in bed like any other school day. It seemedRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School Graduation1507 Words   |  7 PagesForest English 1010 9/9/2014 Graduation During our lives, most of us have hated getting up early. Whether we as humans enjoy mornings or not, we’re always looking forward to that unforgettable day. That special is high school graduation for me. Graduation is a ceremony that recognizes students that have excelled through school. Graduation was one of the best days of my life, perhaps even better than the day that I started college. There is no other day like graduation where there comes this feelingRead MoreGraduation Speech On High School Graduation851 Words   |  4 PagesThere Is No Success Without The Opportunity to Fail High School graduation can be an exciting time in a student’s life. It is a time when they begin to experience the kind of freedom that comes along with growing up. This freedom allows students to choose the type of college or University they would like to attend. It is necessary that they understand how responsible they need to be with the freedom that is being offered to them. When choosing what college or university they would like toRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School852 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to a report from Thomas Nelson Community College website, 15.7 percent is the graduation rate in 2010. 84 percent of students failed to receive their degree. That’s beyond sad. College can be difficulty especially with everyday life is getting harder to main family life work and financials. Because college is challenging, I know that I have issues that I must overcome. I told myself the more patient s I have the better success I will have. Although college will be difficult my goal isRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School Essay2254 Words   |  10 Pages The day I graduated from high school The High school graduation day is a life full of journeys for everyone, high school life is a memorable time for most people, for me as well. High school can be filled with lots of good memories for some people and it could be filled with bad memories, for me it was both I had good times and I had bad times. The High school Graduation day should definitely be the best day of your life because that means no more high school, no more having to wake up at 6Read MoreGraduation Speech : High School1692 Words   |  7 Pagesdespite resources that are unmatched anywhere in the world, we have let our grades slip, our schools crumble, our teacher’s quality fall short and other nations outpace us†-President Obama (Splitt). As a recent high school graduate, I was proud of my accomplishments and the fact that I was the first in my family to go to college. Before I started college, my brother started his junior year in high school and learned that the credits needed to graduate had been lowered from 230 to 220. The reasonRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School867 Words   |  4 Pages Many people have different high school experiences or stories about when they finally felt like a highschooler or felt like they belonged. Some people might not even have had that experience yet and are still trying to belong at Wahlert Catholic High School. Personally, I have had many experiences when I finally felt like a high schooler. Such as my first year playing on the Wahlert Freshman Baseball team, talking to upperclassmen, my first year playing on the Wahlert Freshman Basketball team, orRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School1060 Words   |  5 PagesHigh school is supposed to be the place where you have fun and a time in your life you’re supposed to enjoy. Movies often trick you into believing that high school is an amazing time in your life and there is nothing but parties and fun. In Bring it on, they portrayed the fun and exciting part of high school cheer-leading, however they intentionally leave out the tough times high school students’ face in school and in their practices. In other popular movies, such as High School Musical the studentsRead MoreGraduation Speech : High School1041 Words   |  5 Pages Grant High School, set out to improve (Lambertson 42-43). This school quickly went from being in the worst 5% of schools in Michigan to the superior 92% (Lambertson 43-45). This school poured effort into its programs to try to bring up test grades (Lambertson 42-45). Amazingly, Grant High School brought its average ACT score up 2.4 points in around three years (Lambertson 45). However, in the end, was this school successful? Were its students prepared to succeed? A successful high school is a school

History Of The Jewish Samaritan Rivalry - 1975 Words

The History of the Jewish-Samaritan Rivalry. What is a rivalry? How much hatred can evolve from cultural and religious differences? If left unchecked what sort of conflict can ensue? These thoughts had to weigh on Jesus mind as He spoke to the Samaritan woman at Jacob’s Well. As the Second Person of the Trinity, He knew history and lack of love between the Jew and Samaritan. However, it was His mission as savior to all mankind to bridge the vast expanse between these two peoples. The purpose of this paper will be to discover the history behind the Jewish-Samaritan hate and the events leading up to Christ acceptance of the people of Samaria. When a person in 2016 America thinks of the word â€Å"rivalry† the thought that comes to mind is most†¦show more content†¦Israel was one collective nation made up of twelve tribes; one tribe for each son of Jacob (and one of Joseph). These twelve tribes were all resident turned slave to Egypt. The Jewish nation prayed to the Lord their God and He released them from their bondage. They then conquered the Promised Land which God had promised their ancestors. Over the course of several hundred years the Jewish nation was a theocracy led by God and enforced by many Judges. One day the people cried out for a king, just like all the other surrounding nations. Under Saul, David, and Solomon Israel reached its pinnacle of success. It is here that the story takes an unfortunate downward spiral. Solomon was the wisest man to ever live; yet in his old age, he lost touch with God and his people. He married many foreign women and accepted their gods as his own. In addition, he enforced heavy taxes on his kingdom causing intense anger. It is here that God spoke through the Prophet Ahijah to Jeroboam and promised him the Ten Northern Tribes, if he was faithful to God. (I Kings 11:26-40) Jeroboam was an Ephraimite from Zeredah. He was a skilled young man who was put in charge of Solomon’s forced labor camps. He tried to revolt against Solomon but he failed. After his failed revolt, he stayed in Egypt until Solomon’s death. After Solomon’s death, he returned home and tried to peacefully reason with Rehoboam, the heir to Solomon’s throne.

Cultural Challenges That Influence Multinational Operations In China

Question: Discuss about the Cultural Challenges That Influence Multinational Operations In China. Answer: Introduction There is a rapid and fast development in the economies of many countries. There is also an increase in the globalization of the multinational industries as they are becoming more prevalent. These multinational firms are facing a competiton and intercultural communication problems. It is a challenge for the managers to maintain the cultural diversifications. Many MNCs who are planning to develop and expand their business are facing this cross-cultural challenge. In the present study, there is a concept of cultural challenge that China is facing as it is a developing country. We will also look forward to the issues that the multinational firms confront while doing business in the international markets. There are many types of barriers that are faced by companies to build their empire in offshore nations. Such challenges help the companies to experience the market scenario of the country. It is noticed by many of the researchers that the variations in the culture, eventually affect the performance, communication and also the management. These changes have both effects; negative and positive. The negative influence is when the company is unable to survive in the cross cultural environment. The positive impact is when the companies overcomes all the challenges and make it possible for it to survive and grow in the challenge world. Under this study, the learners will understand the importance of study of culture for the companies. We will discuss about the culture of china and the impact of MNCs on chinas culture. There is a brief description about the various challenges that are faces by companies when they allocate their business in international market. Many types of suggestions and advices are given to cope up with the problems faced by the companies. It is important for the management of the organization to understand and study the diverse culture of country before set up of business. It should be initiated I the countries whose culture is least diverse. National Culture Of China The culture of China is an imperative in nature that directly or indirectly affects the multinational operations. People from various places and countries (Ahuja, 2014) have different traditions and demeanor to the business and its operations. China is a country that has an amazing society that is homogeneous in nature that has a strong history, language and culture. There are three philosophies on which the Chinese believes: Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism. The Buddhism teaches them the fortune of individuals; Confucianism teaches the relationship among the individuals and (Chanida Jittaruttha, 2015) Taoism is famous for dualism principle. . They both are very different and still interrelated to each other. It helped Chinese people to orient the process of thinking of the individuals and also their behavior. It also guides the principle of commitment, believe on each other, maintenance of strategic distance, etc. while doing business in China, MNCs notice that the people are very implicative an transient. These three theories are the bases of Chinese culture that are playing an imperative role to do business and decision making. New Trends Of Multinational In China Multinational organizations are the companies that are distinctive in nature and they are highly skilled. They also have good knowledge of technical skills, infrastructure, scientific research, etc. China tries to elevate to different nations so that they can collaborate to various nations. Many multinational corporations are investing the money in Chinas companies that is contributing to the markets. This country is involving in the development of economies through foreign capital, domestic endeavors and unites of multinational organizations (Kurian, 2015). The strength of Chinas multinationals development is the strong currency of the country. The Yuan is the currency of China that has kept on putting off the competition in opposition of the dollar. When the Yuan is high, it depicts that the sales in current year in China is a worth to many companies. The United State is proceeding with a magnificent system at the rate of $85 billion every month. Not only this but also the bank of Japan increasing its trust into Chinas economy. The free monetary policies, banks, etc. helps to have less access to the capital (Craft, 2016). It assists to develop interest in the nations like china can offer more prominent returns of the investment and probably less interest rate on loans. China is a developing nation that might need a sector to help in selling, developing and managing the goods and services to the developed nations. The culture of China is different from the other countrys culture as they are not open to adopt MNCs in their country. Before 1970, no company other than China can enter into their market. This will affect the economy of it. As they are unable to do transactions with globalised companies and earn foreign direct investment in their country. Gradually, they start inviting MNCs to run their business in the markets of China. Globalization, privatization, and liberalisataion takes place in the economy of china that resuys in open market for all the MNCs. It results in a very positive manner as the China is enjoying the production and investment done by them. Individuals of China are accepting the products and services manufactures by the MNCs. They are giving equal importance to the goods of other companies then China. Human Resource Challenge It is the most impactful challenge faced by the Chinas companies. It is the major issue confronted by developing nations. Human resource management is a branch of an association that helps to fulfill the staff needs and created targets, goals, aims, objectives, etc for the same. After WTO recommendations, many national and international companies are entering into Chinas market and making plans and policies to establish their own strategies according to the culture of china. Human resource management helps china to improve the e financial development. Though it is observed by, any researchers that it is very difficult to remain recruit qualifies administrative human resource in the diversified and troublesome economy of China. It is found that the hiring of skills and talented employees for managerial profiles is one of the major challenges for the multinational firms due to many reasons (Jing, 2015). One of the major challenges in China is the arts major. For example, management is a policy and marketing is a language which in not come through practice. Here is a need to learn and study both of these aspects as they focus on the theory and perception and not on the science. In the universities of China, art major is the only subject to study. It is also found that arts is not related to other fundamental information like, information technology, mathematics, finance, accounting, etc. It is said that it is very easy for a student to pass the exams and completes the schooling with no theoretical and practical knowledge (Otmazgin, 2014). Generally in China, diploma courses are provided to the students. Addition to this, there is no training of students takes place that results in no basic knowledge. The student skills are not up to the mark and there is an absence of thinking and making decision. A survey was done on the candidates and their skills. It is observed that only 10% cand idates are considered appropriate for work in the 9 occupations like doctors, nurses, support, qualitative analysis, accountants, finances, engineers, life science, researchers, generalist, etc. The benefits to employees and framework for remuneration are a component that affects the HR management procedure of China for MNCs. A survey conducted by Watson Wyatt found that in China the local qualifies workers leaving their organizations due to superior paid work. After the emergence of WTO, the economy of china is encountering a quick advancement. The turnover rate China is also the most astounding in Asia. It has raise around 8% from the previous five years. From such incidents, the China has to understand the pay patter of the country and the development of pay rate. There is a very little remuneration and pay for the managerial staff in China and it depends on their execution in multinational organizations. Cultural challenges that influence multinational operations of Alibaba In the month of 2003, a company named as Alibaba was established by the top managers and programmers of Chinas big companies. The company was e- commerce C2C Company. In that year only, eBay entered into the market of china leading to downfall in the market value of Alibaba. As we know that. eBay is known as the goliath of e-commerce world. It was very difficult for Alibaba to compete with that company. So the mission became impossible. Alibaba was just a start up and they did not have much knowledge about the cultures and markets of china. Hence, the company is still struggling to overcome. In this example, we can understand the need to study the culture and competition before stating any business. Cultural challenges that influence multinational operations of Lenovo Lenovo is a Chinese firm that has shaped itself according to the culture, working environment, and business strategies of China. The organizational structure of the company is in the form of hierarchy which is most suitable in China in which the flow of authority flows from top to bottom. The founder of Lenovo is very much fascinated by the culture of china. Hence, this can be seen in every part of the organisation. They focused on improvement to compete with the competitors. To meet the cross cultural deviations, Lenovo has studied a lot about the environment that can influence it. Cultural integration was brought by the company through increasing the cultural awareness. Business Culture Since 1970s, the view of Chinese for MNCs have drastically changed as they invite FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) and opened the economy and worldwide MNCs, players like 3M, Coca Cola, Volkswagen, etc to began their business in China. In the year of 1980, many diverse MNCs like Motorola, NEC, Philips, etc are introduced and accepted in the country. They initiated valuing the expenses of corporate and paid no obligations of the capital imports. Continuously, the country welcomed MNCs to their nations. The people over there are using goods and services produced by MNCs. These companies (Krlik, 2014) are treated as localize firms. Customers do not make any difference between the products manufactured by domestic nation or MNCs. To do business in china, there are some points that must be remembered; business culture, negotiation process, convention, etc. they say that, think worldwide, however, act locally. The meeting in China is initiated by hand shake and a little nodding in the head. But, they usually avoid the physical contact while performing business operations. During the time of meeting, they believe that there must be full concentration, formal behavior and attentive posture that depict self-attentiveness. No individual is allowed to be casual and keep away from humor. Unlike other nations, the exchanging of goods does not have any bad impact in the culture of chinas business. Even, they believe that gifts are a good symbol of initiating any relation whether business or personal or a sweetener for future. The culture of any country also plays a major role in deciding the marketing strategy of the forms. If the market is certain then it is easy for the firm to study the marketing conditions and vice versa. The certainties of the market decide the input and output of the firm. A company can maximize its profits and sales margins trough an effective marketing strategies. That is directly related to the good analysis of the culture (Nguyen Aoyama, 2014). It also affects the financing policies f a company aboard. The areas which have higher certainties are good for the form. While the lower certainty area means low funding. Culture helps to determine the management structure that a company adopted in their organization. The highly certainties areas depict decentralization of authority while lower certainty area depict centralization of authority in the firm. Government of the country also affects the culture of any nation. Every country has some government intervention regarding doing bus iness. It can either be hospitable or hostile that totally depends on the culture. Government policies may and may not be negative or positive to the organizations (Khanna Karandikar, 2013). Cultural Influences On Various Division Culture And Firm Marketing Strategies The firm marketing strategies are highly influenced by the culture. It happens because a fir always desires to maximize it sales and (Titisari, 2012) profit levels so it should tap into the market as much as it can. It will takes place by understanding the needs of the people in which you are performing your business. It must adopt all the elements of the culture that are considered in the market of china. The marketing strategies help to decide the production capability of a firm as it affects the status of the industry. If the marketing policies and strategies are poor then the demand for the goods and services will tend to fall. Therefore, a firm should concentrate on the marketing strategies which are also cost effective in nature to maximize the profit (Savitz, Shackman, Fitzgerald, 2016). Culture And The Management Structure When a company goes multinational, then the top level of management decides the type of management they want in the organization. Culture helps to penetrate the type of market in which the firm is dealing whether it is hard or easy for the management to tackle. The management comprises of internal and external management like information of marketing and economy, cultural and social factors, legal restrictions, tariff and non- tariff, etc. management styles are also varies depending on the nature and type of production in which the organization involved. It can be formal and informal, lie or staff, centralized and decentralized, chain or line, etc. (Ramos, 2014). Culture And Production Of The Firm The cultural values of a country highly affect the production of any organisation. It is mandatory to fulfills the demand of the localize customers. The objectives of purchasing goods and services always changes according to the changes in the culture of a country. There should be direct relation (Hudson Jr., 2016) between the production of the firm and the demand of the customers. If there is a perfect match between these two variables, then the company can captures a good volume of the market (Huynh, 2016). Culture And Finance From all the possible markets, a firm has to choose a best market for its products and services. The expectation of any firm is to minimize the cost of production (Ramzy Eldahan, 2016) with an increase in the sales and profits of goods and servies. It will be calculated through the rate of return. The organization analyses the entire details including the size of firm, competitors, resources, etc. The determinant factor of this evaluation is dependent upon the cultural background o the market of china. The investment should be done before analyzing all the aspects related to the same (Hock, Clauss, Schulz, 2015). Culture And Government Relations The role of the government is vital for the organizations as they are dealing with foreign countries. It is because the policies, rules, regulations, laws, etc changes I accordance with the government. These (Kansal, 2015) all laws play an important role in making wise decision for the organization. The management should make all the transactions within the legal boundaries of a country to avoid critical situations (Dutta Pundir, 2015). Conclusion To conclude, there are various type of problems and challenges that are need to be considered while starting business. A culture has many important points for any entrepreneur who would like to venture into cross culture or foreign market as culture has a great significance on the profits and sales of the organization in the new markets. The managers must study the aspect related to do the business , its culture, analyze them whether work out in other country will be profitable or not. They also have to study the return on investment that an organization gets after an investment. A proper study of market helps to calculate the risk les in foreign business. When the culture is very diverse culture which means a complicated culture, then the company will not invest much in that country. In such countries, firms enter through intermediaries who are already layers of that country. In contrast to it, the country whose culture is less diverse and less risky, firms generally enters as a joint venture or subsidiaries. At last we can conclude that a culture is a pivot according to which the decisions making of an organization takes place. Whether to manufacture or not, how much, where, entry, exit, market, etc. it s said that the better the understanding of culture, better will be the future of that organisation. Hence, culture is the most important aspect for any business. Referencing Ahuja, I. (2014). IJICBM, 9(2), 229. https://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijicbm.2014.064190 Jittaruttha, C. (2015). Pyramid Culture and Power Distance: Intangible Barriers Restricting Democratization. China-USA Business Review, 14(5). https://dx.doi.org/10.17265/1537-1514/2015.05.001 Craft, J. (2016). Common Thread: The Impact of Mission on Ethical Business Culture. A Case Study. J Bus Ethics. https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-016-3034-9 Dutta, D. Pundir, M. (2015). Impact of U.K Business Culture in India. Imsmanthan, 10(1). https://dx.doi.org/10.18701/imsmanthan.v10i1.5654 Hock, M., Clauss, T., Schulz, E. (2015). The impact of organizational culture on a firm's capability to innovate the business model. RD Manage, 46(3), 433-450. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/radm.12153 Hudson Jr., S. (2016). BUSINESS CULTURE: COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS AND IMPACT ON STRATEGIC GOALS. International Journal Of Advanced Research, 4(8), 661-665. https://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/1260 Huynh, K. (2016). Sales Promotion Effectiveness: The Impact of Culture on Demographic Level. IBR, 9(4), 123. https://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v9n4p123 Jiang, Y. (2013). Business Negotiation Culture in China - A Game Theoretic Approach. International Business Research, 6(3). https://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v6n3p109 Jing, G. (2015). Diagnosing Corporate Culture Construction Problems in China. IJBM, 10(6). https://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v10n6p234 Johnston, K. (2016). How does culture impact an organizations objectives?, [Online], Accessed on: 26 september 2016, Available at: https://yourbusiness.azcentral.com/culture-impact-organizations-objectives-11228.html Kansal, P. (2015). Impact of Host Country Culture on Globalization of Corporate Websites. Ijmbc, 4(2). https://dx.doi.org/10.21863/ijmbc/2015.4.2.011 Khanna, M. Karandikar, M. (2013). Impact of relational collectivism on impulse buying for others. IJICBM, 7(4), 589. https://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijicbm.2013.056664 Krlik, R. (2014). The Impact of Conflict Management on Organizational Culture in Family Business. Journal Of Intercultural Management, 6(4-2). https://dx.doi.org/10.2478/joim-2014-0054 Kurian, B. (2015). Impact of Culture on Innovativeness in IT Organizations in India. IJARBSS, 5(3). https://dx.doi.org/10.6007/ijarbss/v5-i3/1525 Nag, A. (2011). Effects of organizational culture on employment performance, [Online], Accessed on: 26 September 2016, Available at: https://blog.commlabindia.com/elearning-design/positive-organizational-culture Nguyen, N. Aoyama, A. (2014). Impact of Corporate Culture on the Relationship between Efficient Technology Transfer and Business Performance. Global Business Review, 15(4), 637-661. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972150914543420 Otmazgin, N. (2014). Regionalizing culture. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. Ramos, A. (2014). Impact of international careers in national innovation culture. J. For Global Business Advancement, 7(2), 163. https://dx.doi.org/10.1504/jgba.2014.063870 Ramzy, O. Eldahan, O. (2016). An Empirical Investigation of E-commerce in Egypt: The Impact of Culture on Online Purchasing. Global Business Review. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972150916656651 Savitz, R., Shackman, J., Fitzgerald, S. (2016). The impact of national culture on corporate diversification. IJBG, 17(2), 243. https://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijbg.2016.078409 Titisari, P. (2012). CULTURE AND ITS IMPACT ON THE WORKING PERFORMANCE OF GOVERNMENT STAFF THROUGH JOB SATISFACTION. Journal Of Economics, Business, And Accountancy | Ventura, 15(2), 219. https://dx.doi.org/10.14414/jebav.v15i2.76

Organization Analysis of NYS Dept of Taxation and Finances

Organization’s structure NYS department of taxation and finances is logically organized. In most cases, tasks are done by a team, as opposed to breaking it down to accomplished by an individual employee. In IT, working in a team is preferable to working individually.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Organization Analysis of NYS Dept of Taxation and Finances specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is because software and hardware problems are sometimes complex and therefore, requires to be input from different people working in a team to come up with a proper solution. There are some bureaus where tasks are subdivided into separate jobs. In data warehousing for instance, there are those taking care of database and those whose work is programming. Jobs are grouped according to departments and sub-categories falling under departments. Departmentalization as a basis of grouping jobs together considers ba sic activities that require to be carried out for the organization to deliver required output (Baligh, 2006). Departmentalization can be done based on functions, product, geographical areas, process or customer. At NYS Dept of Taxation and finances, departmentalization is done based on functions. Activities are grouped according to work done to leverage on shared skills. Under technology management, jobs are further grouped together around a certain specialty in technology, such as database. Hence, we have database administrators under database, and network management under IT infrastructure. Chain of command is important in an organization. It help clarify reporting relationships, enhances responsibility, employees can easily acquire resources requires over the chain, and introduces simplicity (Tsukamoto, 2003). The chain of command may, however, impede free flow of information, and frustrate decision making in today’s world where decisions requires to be made faster (Dess, Lumpkin Eisner, 2010). At NYS Dept of Taxation and finances, the chain of command is clear. The teams under each department have a higher reporting authority. For instance, in the Enterprise Storage Management where I (A. Richard ITS2 p/18) am based, we report to S. Mayo. In management, Span of control is taken to mean the number of workers reporting to a one manager (Baligh, 2006). When the span of control is narrow, the organizational structure must necessarily be hierarchical. A broad span of control produces a flat structure.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In designing the organizational structure of an organization, the biggest question remains how to come up with an optimal manager to employee’s ratio without jeopardizing productivity. NYS Dept of Taxation and finances has a narrow span of control. This is possibly because the work done is reliant on technology, which is complicated to some extent. Also, most of the work in the department is through teams. An organizational structure represents a chain of command. At the top is the senior manager who is involved in matters of strategy. The technical aspects of strategy are worked out by lower lever managers and employees (Joyce Woods, 2001). Major decision making lies with the senior manager who in the case of NYS Dept of Taxation and finances is the assistant director ITS. Further down in the structure, heads of divisions of the bureaus are involved in decision making. Public organization normally operates in a very formal way as opposed to small businesses and upstarts. Upstarts works best in a less formal way, because their products or services are usually innovative (Daft, 2010). As the organization becomes big, it increases in complexity, because it also produces complex products and services. For an organization such as NYS Dept of Taxation and finances, rules and regulat ions are important to direct managers and employees. The IT department requires general directions as opposed to specific rules to follow. This is because IT requires a healthy dose of creative thinking for the simple reason that technology keeps on changing very fast (Hitt, Ireland Hoskisson, 2011). Regulations should be imposed to the extent the department’s goals, such as security, are achieved. Technology Much of the stride made in increasing productivity in the workplace is as a result of adopting new technologies. Technology is now one of the hottest topics in the world of business. All organizations, large or small, are racing to adopt the latest technology in what they do as a business. In an organization process, a new technology is likely to increase efficiency and hence boost profitability. For example, adopting information process in tax collection process will help tax department achieve the cannons of taxation, such as economy and convenience. In a sales proces s, customers can easily acquire goods and services. Therefore, technology generally makes things easier for the businesses. Although adopting new, emerging, and relevant technologies is smart, it may nevertheless cause problems in organization processes. A new technology portends change, and people are afraid of change. The problems that technology may cause to a specific organization process are essentially problems related to employee’s inability to fit in a new environment driven a new technology.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Organization Analysis of NYS Dept of Taxation and Finances specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More If for instance a new technology was introduced to drive sales, products sold may initially go down before picking up or exceeding previous levels. In tax collection, adopting internet technologies in filing returns may lead to delays in filing returns initially, but later the p roblem does not recur as people learn. Adopting a new technology may render workers redundant. Offloading excessive employees is good, but unemployment increases. A simple technology such as personal computer has the potential to change an organization that does not use computers massively. The same case applies to a goods producing company that adopts computer-aided manufacturing. By adopting the right communication technologies, it’s possible for a large organization to have a larger span of control in its structure without compromising productivity. Technology can also make the relationship between employees and managers more engaging. In general, implanting a technology and information systems have the ability to introduce change in an organization completely (Mangham Mangham, 1987). An erstwhile inefficient organization can, through technology, become very efficient. There are those entrenched cultures that are difficult t change except by adapting new technology. Adopt ing internet and communication technologies may, for instance, enhance communication and dialogue between employees and the management in an organization where this kind of communication was absent. Technology can enhance interpersonal relationship or increase distance between employer and employees (Finlay, 2000). For example, it’s possible for the manager to keep communicating often with a team leader at the head f the project through video. In the same breath, lack of direct face-to-face communication lacks the characteristic human quality that makes people truly bond. Also, internet and communication technologies make it possible to stay connected throughout. This makes it easier to do business and monitor employees. Implementing a new technology is an involving process. Training is required to familiarize employees on the new technology, and it’s a process that requires a lot of resources (Haberberg Rieple, 2007). Training is also required to change the attitudes of employees, not just increasing their technical competence to handle the technology (Clegg, 1990). The success envisaged on implementation of the technology depends partly on the cooperation of employees. Implementing a new technology may require additional extra equipments which the company must acquire. As noted earlier, technology brings change, which may be reason for adopting the technology in the first place (Alkhafaji, 2003). In that case, change management is important. Leadership is also required.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Environment NYS Dept of Taxation and finances is a public institution which interacts with a lot of players, both inside and outside the organization. All these players have competing interests. The biggest problem the organization encounter is how to keep everybody happy. Tax payers expect fast and efficient service. Anything less than that will lead to complains. Government authorities also expect people to get minimum quality of service and anything less than that is unacceptable to it. Other players also have their own demands as well as expectations that must be considered. There is also the scrutiny from the media and other consumer rights groups. This put the department under tremendous pressure. Strategy is developed in response to the results of analysis of the internal environment as well as external environment (Burack, 1975). As such, therefore, it’s the senior manager who pays attention to the forces in the environment. Once the forces are identified, appropriate actions can be instituted. The lower cadre employees are the ones responsible for execution of strategy as developed by the management. NYS Dept of Taxation and finances plays the important role of dealing with taxes. Such a role is necessarily sensitive and the department must be efficient. Deploying the right technology, and doing so flawlessly is a strategic action that must be hatched by the top management, but executed by the lower cadre technical staff (Thompson Martin, 2010). Most of the difficulties that the department face or may face stem from their operational efficiency or lack of it. To provide superior service, the first they need is to continually deploy the latest technology in information and internet technology. The management should also set up a strong consumer service/public relation department to engage outside parties. Perceptions can be changed or modified. The best way to do this is by engaging those likely to change or sway public opinion. The department also has a number of unfilled vacancies. There is no reason why they should continue to be vacant. Integration The department is in the business of collecting taxes and managing finances, as well as providing support infrastructure for doing the same. The work is divided according to functions. Specific functions are carried out by employees hired for that purposes. They could be programmers or database administrators. NYS Dept of Taxation and finances has a logical organization structure with a narrow span of control. It is easy to manager employees. Also, the employees can communicate easily among the management through the internet. A challenging job done well gives immense satisfaction. Some of the tasks there are accomplished in a team. Working in a team is very rewarding. Another reward is of course the salary the employees get. The various bureaus have persons mandated to manage them. These managers themselves are answerable to senior managers at the top. Through these leader s, the whole department is intact and can execute its mandate. Internet and communication technologies are deployed to help coordinate the functions of the department. References Alkhafaji, A. F. (2003). Strategic management: formulation, implementation, and control in a dynamic environment. New York: Haworth Press. Baligh, H. H. (2006). Organization structures theory and design, analysis and prescription. 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Strategic management: a fresh approach to developing skills, knowledge and creativity. London: Kogan Page. Mangham, I. L., Mangham, I. L. (1987). Organization analysis and development: a social construction of organizational behaviour. Chichester [West Sussex: Wiley. Thompson, J. L., Martin, F. (2010). Strategic management (6th ed.). Andover: Cengage Learning. Tsukamoto, S. (2003). Human nature and organization theory: on the economic approach to institutional organization. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar. This research paper on Organization Analysis of NYS Dept of Taxation and Finances was written and submitted by user Damarion U. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.